George III inherits the throne. He is the first Hanoverian monarch to be born in England and to speak English as his first language. Britain wins the Seven Years' War. Britain wins the war in , making it the preeminent colonial power in Europe. However, Britain incurs a huge number of debts, and its attempts to pay for those debts with American taxes ultimately contributes to the American war of independence. It becomes renowned for its education, cadre of eminent artists, and exhibitions.
Britain loses the American colonies. After a lengthy war, British forces surrender to American forces, and the United States of America is declared an independent nation with the Treaty of Paris in The political aftermath of the loss of the American colonies places great strain on George III, who ultimately goes insane in Edmund Cartwright patents the power loom.
Britain begins to industrialize in the s, and in Edmund Cartwright patents the power loom. We take a look at these events and the revolutionary changes in the arts, science and literature, and war. When Queen Anne died in , she left no male heir to the throne. With no direct successor, the crown passed to her nearest Protestant relative in Northern Germany, George of House of Hanover - a direct line of succession that continues to this day.
This law was designed by parliament to protect Protestant royals and prevent Roman Catholic royalty from becoming members of the monarchy. In addition to English political unrest, a Jacobean rebellion began in Scotland. The membership of the Board consisted of scientists, naval officers, and government officials. George I mainly depended on parliament during his reign, and after he rarely attended any Cabinet meetings.
When the South Sea Company, a government stock investment scheme crashed, the British people including the monarchy and government suffered a catastrophic loss of money and property. Walpole still holds the longest administration in British history - With Walpole, the Georgian period saw the beginning of the transfer of power from the monarchy to parliament. On the 11 June , George I died of a stroke on a trip to Hanover.
He was buried in the chapel at the Hanoverian residence of Leine Castle. He is the last British monarch to be buried outside of the United Kingdom. Following his death, he was succeeded by his son, George Augustus 9 November - 25 October A series of Jacobite uprisings threatened the Georgian kings from the beginning of their reign. The battle lasted little over an hour, with the British troops overpowering the smaller Scottish army. Between 1, and 1, Jacobites were killed or wounded, and to British were killed or died of their wounds.
The battle of Culloden led to the end of the Jacobite rebellion with many of the supporters exiled, imprisoned or executed for treason, and Charles escaping to France, never to return to Britain again. This victory is seen as the beginning of the almost two hundred year-long British Rule in India. The so-called March of the Blanketeers saw spinners and weavers march from Manchester to London in March to hand the Government a petition. The Luddites destroyed and damaged machinery in the industrial north-west of England.
The Peterloo Massacre in began as a protest rally which saw 60, people gathering to protest about their living standards, but was quelled by military action and saw eleven people killed and wounded. The Cato Street Conspiracy of sought to blow up the Cabinet and then move on to storm the Tower of London and overthrow the government. This too was thwarted, with the conspirators executed or transported to Australia.
Georgian era facts for kids Kids Encyclopedia Facts. Quick facts for kids Georgian era — The Georgian architecture of The Circus, Bath, built between and George I. George II. George III. George IV. William IV. In response Hogarth created an engraving, John Wilkes Esq. Literature Art People Hargreaves Spinning Jenny Industrial Revolution Parliament passes 'Sugar Act', the first of a series of measures designed to raise revenues by levying taxes on American colonies.
Political Mozart wrote his first symphony he was just eight years old Music William Blackstone publishes his first volume of 'Commentaries on the Laws of England'. Ordinary people could for the first time consult a clear and authoratative guide to the law.
The British are besieged in Boston. Exploration Gordon riots, an anti Catholic riot in London. Lord George Gordon called for the repeal of the Catholic Relief Act of and a return to the repression of Catholics.
The Act had repealed harsh anti-Catholic legislation from the 17th century and excused Roman Catholics from swearing the oath of allegiance with its implicit recognition of the Church of England on joining the army. Many Protestants were outraged and riots ensued. Political William Pitt the younger is Britain's youngest ever prime minister Political Prime Ministers People William Herschel begins to build what will become the world's largest telescope Science People Society for the abolition of the slave trade is founded Reform Political Final year of Mozart's life.
He composed a great deal, including some of his most admired works, the opera The Magic Flute, the final piano concerto, the Clarinet Concerto, the last in his great series of string quintets, the motet Ave verum corpus and the unfinished Requiem.
Music The Oberver newspaper is published Printing Business William Wilberforce introduces his first anti slavery bill in Parliament Political Prime Ministers People The Society of United Irishmen is founded and sectarian violence follows Political France declares war on Britain Military Charter granted to the board of agriculture to promote best modern farming practice Agriculture Famine in the mid 's causes unrest amongst the population Social Political Smallpox vaccine is introduced Medicine Mutiny by sailors at Spithead Military Vinegar Hill.
Pitt introduced a tax on incomes. Further battles took place. Military Battle Architect John Nash transformed London by conceiving, designing and developing Regent's Street and Regent's Park from Architecture With the war in Europe mostly over, Britain used it's ships and forces to place a naval blockade on America.
The economy suffered and the British marched on Washington burning down the public buildings. They fix a minimum price below which grain may not be imported. These laws have a major impact upon society and are the root cause of much suffering.
The Massacre occurred during a period of immense political tension and mass protests. Troops were sent in and over people were badly wounded and 17 died.
The newly industrialised world produced inflation, food shortages and difficult factory conditions, there stemmed from this a climate of discontent and radicalism. A series of riots and industrial unrest occurred. The government responded with a series of repressive measures, including the Combination Acts of , which forbade the gathering of working men with a common purpose.
A conspiracy was plotted to murder the British cabinet but it was foiled. Political A great famine begins in Ireland as the potato harvest fails again. The failure of the potato crop is a recurring event. They become the Toll Puddle Martyrs. Political Victoria accedes to the throne Royalty Treaty of Paris The treaty ended the 7 year war and re-shuffled the colonial position of the great powers. Between 60 British were taken prisoner and placed in a guard room 18 ft by 14ft they suffocated to death.
Numerous newspapers and pamphlets hit the streets in the coming years. Whigs in power and they pass the Septennial Act which said that general elections needed to be called only every 7 years.
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