Research could also address the acceptability of the intervention to women, which was not covered by this review update. The single included study suggested that calcium supplementation before and early in pregnancy may reduce the risk of women experiencing the composite outcome pre-eclampsia or pregnancy loss at any gestational age, but the results are inconclusive for all other outcomes for women and babies.
Therefore, current evidence neither supports nor refutes the routine use of calcium supplementation before conception and in early pregnancy. To determine the overall benefit of calcium supplementation commenced before or in early pregnancy, the effects found in the study of calcium supplementation limited to the first half of pregnancy need to be added to the known benefits of calcium supplementation in the second half of pregnancy.
The hypertensive disorders of pregnancy include pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension, chronic hypertension, and undefined hypertension. Pre-eclampsia is considerably more prevalent in low-income than in high-income countries. One possible explanation for this discrepancy is dietary differences, particularly calcium deficiency. Calcium supplementation in the second half of pregnancy reduces the serious consequences of pre-eclampsia, but has limited effect on the overall risk of pre-eclampsia.
It is important to establish whether calcium supplementation before, and in early pregnancy before 20 weeks' gestation has added benefit. Such evidence could count towards justification of population-level interventions to improve dietary calcium intake, including fortification of staple foods with calcium, especially in contexts where dietary calcium intake is known to be inadequate.
This is an update of a review first published in To determine the effect of calcium supplementation, given before or early in pregnancy and for at least the first half of pregnancy, on pre-eclampsia and other hypertensive disorders, maternal morbidity and mortality, and fetal and neonatal outcomes.
Vitamin D helps calcium keep your bones and teeth healthy and strong. A blood test will tell you if you do not have enough Vitamin D in your blood. Vitamin D comes from the sun, supplements and a small amount from food. Most of the Vitamin D your body needs comes from the action of sun on your skin. Do not get sunburnt as this will increase your risk of skin cancer. Calcium is a mineral that helps form and maintain healthy teeth and bones for both you and your baby.
Your body is more efficient at absorbing calcium during pregnancy therefore the recommendation is the same as for non-pregnant women at mg per day. Two to three serves per day of calcium rich food are recommended.
One serve is equal to a glass of milk mL , a tub of yogurt g , 2 slices of cheese 40g , a glass of soy, rice or other cereal drink with at least mg of added calcium per ml. Learn more about the five food groups. Subscribe to our newsletter Search our website.
Search for:. Registry Builder New. Medically Reviewed by Jennifer Wu, M. Medical Review Policy All What to Expect content that addresses health or safety is medically reviewed by a team of vetted health professionals. Calcium is important during pregnancy to ensure the proper development of your baby's teeth and bones. Here's how much you need, how to get it and when to consider taking a supplement. Back to Top. In This Article.
Continue Reading Below. More Healthy Eating Tips. View Sources. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Nutrition during pregnancy. Rachel Fine, R. Your Health. Pregnancy Groups. Even after your baby's born, continue to pay attention to your calcium intake. You'll need this mineral to strengthen bones and prevent bone loss osteoporosis later in life. Milk and other dairy products are top sources of calcium, as are canned fish and calcium-fortified cereal, juice, soy and rice beverages, and bread.
Not all brands are fortified, so check labels. You may not think of water as a calcium source, but tap and bottled water typically contain varying amounts, with mineral water containing the most calcium. You can check with your local water agency to find out how much calcium is in your local tap or well water. The best way to meet your calcium needs is through a healthy and balanced diet, but if you think you aren't getting the recommended daily amount, talk to your doctor about possibly adding a separate calcium supplement.
Before taking supplements, keep in mind that prenatal vitamins contain varying amounts of calcium, with some providing to mg. Your body best absorbs calcium in doses of less than mg of calcium at a time. So you may need to take your supplemental calcium in small doses, several times a day. You need vitamin D to absorb calcium, so be sure to also get enough vitamin D in your pregnancy diet. Supplemental calcium comes in different forms, most commonly calcium carbonate and calcium citrate. Calcium carbonate provides the most calcium, but requires extra stomach acid to help dissolve it, so it's best taken with a meal.
Calcium citrate is most easily absorbed by the body. Because this type doesn't require stomach acid for absorption, it can be taken between meals. It's a good choice for those taking heartburn medication that reduces stomach acid.
Look for a supplement with "USP" for U. Pharmacopeia on the label. This indicates that the supplement contains adequate calcium, will dissolve well, and is free of lead and other toxic metals.
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